What is Female Infertility?
The World Health Organisation defines infertility as follows
Infertility is “a disease of the reproductive system defined by the failure to achieve a clinical pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular unprotected sexual intercourse.
Most common reasons for Female Infertility issues are problems in Ovulation due to
- Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
- Damaged Fallopian Tubes
- Damaged Uterus
- Growing Age of the Women
- Hyperprolactinemia
- Thyroid Problems
- Endometriosis etc.
What are the symptoms?
Symptoms of Infertility are inability to conceive a child
Infertility can be classified in two categories
Primary Infertility
Primary infertility is defined as the absence of a live birth for women who desire a child and have been in a healthy non consanguineous relationship for at least 12 months during which they have not used any contraceptives. The World Health Organization also adds that ‘women whose pregnancy spontaneously miscarries, or whose pregnancy results still born child, without ever having had a live birth would present with primarily infertility’.
Secondary Infertility
Secondary infertility is defined as the absence of a live birth for women who desire a child and have been in a union for at least 12 months since their last live birth, during which they did not use any contraceptives.
Male Infertility
Male infertility refers to a sexually mature male’s inability to impregnate a fertile female.
It affects approximately 7% of all men.Male infertility is commonly due to deficiencies in the semen and semen quality.
Causes
Making mature, healthy sperm that can travel depends on many things. Problems can stop cells from growing into sperm. Problems can keep the sperm from reaching the egg. Even the temperature of the scrotum may affect fertility. These are the main causes of male infertility.
- Sperm Disorders
- Varicoceles
- Retrograde Ejaculation
- Immunonologic Infertility
- Obstruction
- Hormones
- Medication
Diagnosis
Causes of male fertility can be hard to diagnose. The problems are most often with sperm production or delivery. Diagnosis starts with a full history and physical exam. Your health care provider may also want to do blood work and semen tests.
Treatments
History and Physical Exam
Semen Analysis
Transrectal Ultrasound
Testicular Biopsy
Hormonal Profile
When to visit your Fertility Specialist?
Despite regular and unprotected intercourse, after 1 year of cohabiting, if there is inability to conceive, one must visit a fertility specialist or an experienced gynecologist. We at Maxene Health Care provide best consultation and infertility treatment by top Gynecologists and Fertility experts.
We at Maxene Health Care we have developed a series of tests to pinpoint the exact cause of infertility, be it the male or the female. With utmost sensitivity, we take the detailed history of the patients – both couples , recommend tests, and provide the best infertility treatment .
Diagnostic Tests For Infertility
- History and physical examination
- Laboratory testing –
- Day 2 LH, FSH, AMH, Estrogen, Progesterone, TSH, Prolactin , Free Testosterone, Fasting Insulin .
- Hysterosalpingogram (HSG) .
- Semen analysis
- Diagnostic Laparo-Hysteroscopy
- Transvaginal ultrasound
Why do you have these Symptoms of Infertility
- Advancing maternal age
- Endometriosis
- Ovulation disorders:
- The most common disorders impacting ovulation include
- PCOS
- Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism .
- Ovarian Insufficiency
- Tubal Occlusion (blockage)
- Uterine Fibroids
- Endometrial Polyps:
- Pelvic and Uterine Anomalies
- Unexplained
Complications of Infertility
Increased risk of Breast and Endometrial Cancer in women who have never conceived.
Psychosocial Disorders such as Depression, Anxiety ,Guilt, Frustration, Hopelessness.